|
|
 |
REVIEW ARTICLE |
|
Year : 2012 | Volume
: 4
| Issue : 3 | Page : 186-193 |
|
|
Nanotechnology in cosmetics: Opportunities and challenges
Silpa Raj, Shoma Jose, US Sumod, M Sabitha
Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham University, AIMS Health Care Campus, Ponekkara P.O., Kochi, India
Date of Submission | 12-Sep-2011 |
Date of Decision | 20-Oct-2011 |
Date of Acceptance | 25-Jan-2012 |
Date of Web Publication | 26-Jul-2012 |
Correspondence Address: Silpa Raj Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham University, AIMS Health Care Campus, Ponekkara P.O., Kochi India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.99016
Abstract | | |
Nanotechnology is the science of manipulating atoms and molecules in the nanoscale - 80,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair. The world market for products that contain nanomaterials is expected to reach $2.6 trillion by 2015. The use of nanotechnology has stretched across various streams of science, from electronics to medicine and has now found applications in the field of cosmetics by taking the name of nanocosmetics. This widespread influence of nanotechnology in the cosmetic industries is due to the enhanced properties attained by the particles at the nano level including color, transparency, solubility etc. The different types of nanomaterials employed in cosmetics include nanosomes, liposomes, fullerenes, solid lipid nanoparticles etc. Recently, concerns over the safety of such nanocosmetics are raised and have forced the cosmetic industries to limit the use of nanotechnology in cosmetics and for enforcing laws to undergo a full-fledged safety assessment before they enter into the market. In this review, emphasis is made on the types of nanomaterials used in cosmetics by the various cosmetic brands, the potential risks caused by them both to human life and also to the environment and what all regulations have been undertaken or can be taken to overcome them. Keywords: Dendrimers, health risks, hydrogel, nanocosmeceuticals, safety controls
How to cite this article: Raj S, Jose S, Sumod U S, Sabitha M. Nanotechnology in cosmetics: Opportunities and challenges. J Pharm Bioall Sci 2012;4:186-93 |
Nanotechnology is an innovative science that includes the design, characterization, production and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanometer scale, which covers the size range from 1 nanometer to 100 nanometer (nm), where 1 nanometer is 1 billionth of a meter. It is not news to cosmetic companies that nanotechnology is the way of the future and is considered as the hottest and emerging technology available. Cosmetic manufacturers use nanoscale versions of ingredients to provide better UV protection, deeper skin penetration, long-lasting effects, increased color and finish quality etc. The global market for cosmetics using nanotechnology is projected to reach an estimated $155.8 million in 2012. [1] This widespread use of nanoscale materials in cosmetics is due to the fact that these nanoparticles obtain newer properties which differ from the large-scale particles. These altered properties include color, transparency, solubility and chemical reactivity, making the nanomaterials attractive to the cosmetics and personal care industries. [2]
Front-running brands of nanocosmetics
It has been found out from different surveys that almost all the major cosmetic manufacturers use nanotechnology in their various products. Cosmetics giant Estee Lauder entered the NanoMarket in 2006 with a range of products containing "NanoParticles". L'Oreal, the world's largest cosmetics company, is devoting about $600 million dollars, of its $17 billion dollar revenues, to Nano patents, and has patented the use of dozens of "nanosome particles". It ranks number 6 in nanotech patent holders in the U.S. [3] Other examples include Freeze 24/7, DDF (Doctor's Dermatologic Formula), and Colorescience. [4] An estimation of how the top 10 cosmetic companies of the world rank in terms of nano-related patents, based on Espacenet database, is depicted in Graph 1. [5]

Nano-variegation in cosmetics
Mineral-based cosmetic ingredients with nano-sized dimensions
Some cosmetic products, such as sunscreens, use mineral-based materials and their performance depends on their particle size. In sunscreen products, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, in the size range of 20 nm, are used as efficient UV filters. Their main advantage is that they provide broad UV-protection and do not cause cutaneous adverse health effects. [6],[7]
Other nano-sized materials employed in cosmetics
Many of the leading cosmetic companies claim their products to contain various types of nano-sized materials like fullerenes, nanotubes, liposomes, quantum dots etc. [6],[7]
Types of nanomaterials used in cosmetics are the following
Liposomes
iposomes are concentric bilayered vesicles in which the aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a lipid bilayer composed of natural or synthetic phospholipids which are GRAS (generally regarded as safe) products. The lipid bilayer of liposomes can fuse with other bilayers such as the cell membrane, which promotes release of its contents, making them useful for cosmetic delivery applications. Their ease of preparation, enhanced absorption of active ingredients by skin and continuous supply of agents into the cells over a sustained period of time make them suitable for cosmetic applications. [8] Vesicles, other than liposomes are being used these days that claim to further enhance the penetration of substances across the skin, such as transferosomes, [9],[10] niosomes [11],[12] and ethosomes. [13]
Nanoemulsions
are dispersions of nanoscale droplets of one liquid within another. [14] They are metastable systems whose structure can be manipulated based on the method of preparation. The components used for their preparation are GRAS products and are safe to use. Their smaller particle size provide higher stability and better suitability to carry active ingredients; they also increase the shelf life of the product. [15],[16]
Nanocapsules
are submicroscopic particles that are made of a polymeric capsule surrounding an aqueous or oily core. It has been found that the use of nanocapsules decreases the penetration of UV filter octyl methoxycinnamate in pig skin when compared with conventional emulsions. [17]
Solid lipid nanoparticles
are oily droplets of lipids which are solid at body temperature and stabilized by surfactants. They can protect the encapsulated ingredients from degradation, used for the controlled delivery of cosmetic agents over a prolonged period of time and have been found to improve the penetration of active compounds into the stratum corneum. [18] In vivo studies have shown that an SLN-containing formulation is more efficient in skin hydration than a placebo. [19] They have also been found to show UV-resistant properties, which were enhanced when a molecular sunscreen was incorporated and tested. Enhanced UV blocking by 3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzoylchitin (a good UV absorber) was seen when incorporated into SLNs. [20]
Nanocrystals
are aggregates comprising several hundred to tens of thousands of atoms that combine into a "cluster". Typical sizes of these aggregates are between 10 and 400 nm and they exhibit physical and chemical properties somewhere between that of bulk solids and molecules. They allow safe and effective passage through skin. [21]
Nanosilver and Nanogold
manufacturers are harnessing the enhanced antibacterial properties of nanosilver in a range of applications. Some manufacturers are already producing underarm deodorants with claims that the silver in the product will provide up to 24-hour antibacterial protection. Nano-sized gold, like nanosilver, is claimed to be highly effective in disinfecting the bacteria in the mouth and has also been added to toothpaste. [22]
Dendrimers
Dendrimers are unimolecular, monodisperse, micellar nanostructures, around 20 nm in size, with a well-defined, regularly branched symmetrical structure and a high density of functional end groups at their periphery. They contain large number of external groups suitable for multifunctionalization. [23],[24]
Cubosomes
are discrete, sub-micron, nanostructured particles of bi-continuous cubic liquid crystalline phase. [25] It is formed by the self assembly of liquid crystalline particles of certain surfactants when mixed with water and a microstructure at a certain ratio. Cubosomes offer a large surface area, low viscosity and can exist at almost any dilution level. They have high heat stability and are capable of carrying hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules. [26] Combined with the low cost of the raw materials and the potential for controlled release through functionalization, they are an attractive choice for cosmetic applications as well as for drug delivery.
Hydrogels
are 3D hydrophilic polymer networks that swell in water or biological fluids without dissolving as a result of chemical or physical cross-links. They can predict future changes and change their property accordingly to prevent the damage. [27]
Buckyballs
fullerene, C60, is perhaps the most iconic nanomaterial and is approximately 1 nm in diameter. It has found its way into some very expensive face creams. The motivation is to capitalize on its capacity to behave as a potent scavenger of free radicals. [28]
Manufacturers employing nanotechnology in their marketed products as per a study conducted by the 'Friends of the Earth' are shown in [Table 1]. [2]  | Table 1: Manufacturers employing nanotechnology in their marketed products[2]
Click here to view |
The given Graph 2 shows the principle nanomaterials used in various cosmetics. [29]

Black-box warnings for nanocosmetics - how and why?
Nanoparticles have been found to cause a large number of risks both to humans as well as to the environment. The toxicity of nanomaterials is affected by their properties, which are attributable to their smaller size, chemical composition, surface structure, solubility, shape and aggregation. The various reasons for this nanotoxicity are summarized below:-
Smaller size of nanoparticles
The main characteristic of nanoparticles is their small size. This can alter their physicochemical properties when compared with their larger counterparts and can create the opportunity for increased uptake and interaction with the biological tissues. Toxicity is mainly concerned with the production of reactive oxygen species, including free radicals which will result in oxidative stress, inflammation, and consequent damage to proteins, membranes and DNA. Because of their size, these nanoparticles can easily gain access to the blood stream via skin or inhalation and from there they will be transported to the various organs. The high dose and long residence time of the nanoparticles in the vital organs can lead to their dysfunction. [30],[31] Carbon nanotubes have been shown to cause the death of kidney cells and to inhibit further cell growth. [32] Whereas 500 nm titanium dioxide particles have only a small ability to cause DNA strand breakage, 20 nm particles of titanium dioxide are capable of causing complete destruction of super-coiled DNA, even at low doses and in the absence of exposure to UV. [33] In another study, it was found that mice which were subacutely exposed to 2-5 nm TiO 2 nanoparticles showed a significant but moderate inflammatory response. [34]
Shape of nanoparticles
Nanoparticles are produced in a variety of shapes like spheres, tubes, sheets etc. and this may be a major cause for the health risks caused by them. A study has shown that exposing the abdominal cavity of mice to long carbon nanotubes are linked with inflammation of the abdominal wall. [35]
Surface area of nanoparticles
the size of the particle decreases, their surface area increases leading to an increase in their reactivity. Nanomaterials are also highly reactive due to their high surface area-to-mass ratio, providing more area by weight for chemical reactions to occur. Studies have revealed that because of this increased reactivity, some nanoscale particles may be potentially explosive and/ or photoactive. For example, some nanomaterials-such as nanoscale titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide-may explode if finely dispersed in the air and they come into contact with a sufficiently strong ignition source. [36]
Penetration of nanoparticles via skin
Scientific studies have shown that nanoparticles can penetrate skin, especially if skin is flexed. [37] Broken skin is a direct route for the penetration of particles even up to a size of 7000 nm. The presence of acne, eczema and wounds may enhance the absorption of nanoparticles into the blood stream and may lead to further complications. A preliminary study found that nanoparticle penetration was deeper in skin affected by psoriasis than in unaffected skin. [38] Recently, the base carriers are being modified in order to enhance the skin penetration by incorporating certain penetration enhancers, both physical and chemical, and also by preparing newer vesicular systems with increased skin penetrability like ethosomes and transferosomes. Even flexing and massage can increase the skin penetration of nanoparticles. One study found that even particles up to 1000 nm in size can be taken up through intact skin to reach living cells, when skin is flexed. [39]
Cellular toxicity of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles
In a study published by Minghong Wu and co-workers at Shanghai University, they have discovered that zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles used in sunscreens can damage or kill the stem cells in the brains of mice. [40] To investigate the potential neurotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles, Wu et al. prepared cultures of mouse neural stem cells (NSCs), and treated them with zinc oxide nanoparticles ranging from 10 to 200 nanometers in size. After 24 hours, the cell viability assay indicated that ZnO nanoparticles manifested dose-dependent, but not size-dependent toxic effects on NSCs. Through analysis using confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy examination, and flow cytometry, many of the NSCs showed clear signs of apoptosis. This zinc oxide nanoparticle toxicity was found to be the effect of the dissolved zinc ions in the culture medium or inside cells. [41] In another work by Arnaud Magrez at the NN Research Group, it was found that titanium dioxide based nanofilaments were found to be cytotoxic, which was affected by their geometry and also enhanced by the presence of defects on the nanofilament surface, resulting from chemical treatment. Nanofilament internalization and alterations in cell morphology were observed. [32]
Occupational risks of nanoparticles
Workers may be accidentally exposed to nanomaterials during the production of nanomaterials or products containing them, as well as during use, disposal or recycling of these products. Exposure may also occur in cleaning and maintaining research, production and handling facilities. [42] A higher potency of nanomaterials compared to microsized particles was detected by Kaewamatawong et al. [43] At present, there is insufficient information on the number of workers exposed to nanomaterials in the work place or the effects on human health of such exposure, according to the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. In addition, because nanomaterials have applications in many consumer products and the use of such materials in products is increasing, consumers have an increasing chance of exposure to these materials.
Route and extent of exposure [44],[45],[46]
health risks that nanoparticles pose to the humans also depend on the route and extent of exposure to such materials. Nanomaterials enter the body mainly through 3 routes.
Inhalation
It is the most common route of exposure of airborne nanoparticles according to the National Institute of Occupational Health and Safety. For example, workers may inhale nanomaterials while producing them if the appropriate safety devices are not used, while consumers may inhale nanomaterials when using products containing nanomaterials, such as spray versions of sunscreens containing nanoscale titanium dioxide. According to officials at the National Institutes of Health, although the vast majority of inhaled particles enter the pulmonary tract, evidence from studies on laboratory animals suggest that some inhaled nanomaterials may travel via the nasal nerves to the brain and gain access to the blood, nervous system, and other organs, according to studies we reviewed.
Ingestion
Ingestion of nanomaterials may occur from unintentional hand-to-mouth transfer of nanomaterials or from the intentional ingestion of nanomaterials. A large fraction of nanoparticles, after ingestion, rapidly pass out of the body; however, according to some of the studies we reviewed, a small amount may be taken up by the body and then migrate into organs.
Through skin
Studies have shown that certain nanomaterials have penetrated layers of pig skin within 24 hours of exposure. [37] According to some of the studies reviewed by the US Government Accountability Office (GAO), concerns have been raised that nanomaterials in sunscreens could penetrate damaged skin.
Environmental risks of nanoparticles
The environment is also at risk due to the exposure of nanomaterials through release into the water, air, and soil, during the manufacture, use, or disposal of these materials. These nanomaterials, if antibacterial in nature and if released in sufficient amounts, could potentially interfere with beneficial bacteria in sewage and waste water treatment plants and could also contaminate water intended for reuse, according to some of the studies reviewed by US GAO. For example, studies have revealed the toxicity of TiO 2 nanoparticles to the main body systems of rainbow trout. [47] In a study conducted by the University of Toledo, the researchers discovered that nano-titanium dioxide used in personal care products reduced biological roles of bacteria after less than an hour of exposure. These findings suggest that these particles, which end up at municipal sewage treatment plants could eliminate microbes that play vital roles in ecosystems and help treat wastewater. [48] In one of the studies done on carbon fullerenes, it has been found out that they can cause brain damage in largemouth bass, [49] a species accepted by regulatory agencies as a model for defining ecotoxicological effects. Fullerenes have also been found to kill water fleas and have bactericidal properties. [50] Rice University's Centre for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology has pointed out the tendency for nanoparticles to bind to contaminating substances already pervasive in the environment like cadmium and petrochemicals. This tendency would make nanoparticles a potential mechanism for long range and widespread transport of pollutants in groundwater. [51],[52] Certain studies have even suggested that nanoparticles have the potential for biomagnification. [53] An interdisciplinary team of researchers at the UC (University of California) Santa Barbara produced a groundbreaking observation on how nanoparticles are able to biomagnify in a simple microbial food chain. [54]
Toxicity produced by carbon fullerenes (buckyballs)
studies have shown that carbon fullerenes, which are currently being used in moisturizers and some face creams, have the potential to cause brain damage in fishes [55],[56] kill water fleas and have bactericidal properties. In a work done by Dhawan et al., he proved that stable aqueous suspensions of colloidal C 60 fullerenes have demonstrated genotoxicity with a strong correlation between fullerene concentration and genotoxic response. [57] Fullerenes have even been found to be toxic to the vascular endothelial cells. [58]
Characterization methods for safety assessment of nanoparticles in cosmetics
The opinions of the Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) deals with the risk assessment methodologies available for evaluating the possible adverse health and environmental effects of nanotechnology products [59] and also on the investigation of nanomaterials. [60] The specific characteristic of nanomaterials will require new test strategies to determine the mechanisms of potential injury that they may cause. The main parameters that are evaluated for the safety of nanomaterials are the following:
Physical-chemical properties
properties like size, shape, specific surface area, agglomeration state, size distribution, surface morphology, structure, solubility and chemical properties like structural formula/molecular structure, composition of nanomaterial, phase identity, surface chemistry, hydrophilicity/lipophilicity have to be analyzed. [59]
Mathematical modeling
These predictive models range from simple, empirical algorithms to complex mathematical equations which sometimes require knowledge and estimation of experimentally inaccessible parameters. But, since, in none of these models, data relating to macromolecular compounds or particle structures have been included, they cannot be used with any confidence to predict what might happen when such entities contact the skin. [61]
Microscopic techniques
More useful information from the in vitro studies can be obtained by microscopic examination of the skin posttreatment. While absolute quantification may not be possible, visualization of the tissue to which an active has been applied can provide valuable insight. [61],[62]
The methods used for microscopic evaluation are shown in [Table 2]. [61]
In vitro methods
Though there are a number of alternative methods and technologies for studying the molecular mechanisms involved in the biological activity of compounds, only validated methods are permitted for cosmetic products. These validated methods must be used when testing is required, for the safety assessment of cosmetic ingredients. [61],[62]
The different validated in vitro tests employed are depicted in [Figure 1]. [61]
The relevant toxicological end points considered important for nanomaterials are given in [Figure 2]. [61]
Safety requisites for a blooming beauty
Cosmetic manufacturers using nanotechnology confront an uncertain future from both consumer response and a regulatory standpoint. Eminent scientific bodies like the Royal Society, Britain's most prestigious scientific body, and the US Food and Drug Administration warn that the health risks of nanocosmetics require a thorough investigation before product commercialization. [63] One of the major problems is that there is no much evidence about how much or what type of safety assessments are done by the various cosmetic manufacturers on their products.
Though there are increasing number of cosmetics and personal care products containing nanomaterials in the market, there are no specific regulations regarding their safety assessment. In Australia, the National Industry Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NICNAS) regulates the safety of ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products and the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) regulates sunscreens. However these regulators fail to distinguish between nanoparticles and larger sized particles. The EU's Scientific Committee on Consumer Products (SCCP) looked at the safety evaluation of nanomaterials for use in cosmetic products and considered the implications on animal testing and whether the previous opinions on nanomaterials currently used in sunscreen products would need to be revised. [64]
The European Parliament approved the amended recast of the EU Cosmetics Directive, introducing the mention of 'nanomaterials' into an EU legislation. As requested by the European Parliament, the new regulation introduces a safety assessment procedure for all products containing nanomaterials, which could lead to a ban on a substance if there is a risk to human health. [65] The major excerpts from the act include the following [66],[67] :-
- The ruling defines nanomaterial as " an insoluble or bio-persistent and intentionally manufactured material with one or more external dimensions, or an internal structure, on the scale from 1 to 100 nm".
- The responsible person shall ensure compliance with safety, GMP, safety assessment, product information file, sampling and analysis, notification, restrictions for substances listed in Annexes, CMR, nanomaterial traces, animal testing and labeling, claims, information to the public, communication of SUE, information on substances.
- Prior to placing the cosmetic product on the market, the responsible person should submit the following information to the Commission:
- The presence of substances in the form of nanomaterials
- Their identification including the chemical name (IUPAC) and other descriptors
- The reasonably foreseeable exposure conditions
- In case the Commission has concerns regarding the safety of the nanomaterial, the Commission shall, without delay, request the SCCS to give its opinion on the safety of these nanomaterials for the relevant categories of cosmetic products and the reasonably foreseeable exposure conditions.
- All ingredients present in the form of nanomaterials shall be clearly indicated in the list of ingredients. The names of such ingredients shall be followed by the word "nano" in brackets .
- Particular consideration shall be given to any possible impacts on the toxicological profile due to
- Particle sizes, including nanomaterials;
- Impurities of the substances and raw material used; and
- Interaction of substances
In a nutshell
The use of engineered nanomaterials has hiked in today's world. It has also captured the hearts of the cosmetic industries with its enhanced properties and they are shifting their focus from cosmeceuticals to nanocosmeceuticals by incorporating nanotechnology in most of their manufacturing processes. But all these nanocosmetics have raised a great concern regarding their safety for humans and environment. In order to ensure the safety and efficacy of such products, the European Union has incorporated a new amendment in its Cosmetics Directive which will become active from 2012 onwards. This new regulation will allow only the safer nanocosmetic products to enter into the market, safeguarding the beauty and health of the consumers.
References | |  |
1. | Law 360. Nano-cosmetics: Beyond skin deep. 2011. Available from: http://www.shb.com/newsevents/2011/NanoCosmeticsBeyondSkinDeep.pdf. [Last accessed on 2011].  |
2. | Friends of the Earth Report - Nanomaterials, Sunscreens and Cosmetics: Small Ingredients Big Risks. Available from: http://www.nano.foe.org.au, http://www.foe.org [Last accessed on 2006].  |
3. | Nano Science Institute. Scientific Committee Rules on the Safety of Nanocosmetics. Available from: http://www.nanoscienceinstitute.com/NanoCosmetics.htm [Last accessed on 2008].  |
4. | Schueller R, Romanowski P. Emerging Technologies and the Future of Cosmetic Science, Cosmetics and Toiletries. Available from http:// www.specialchem4cosmetics.com/services/articles.aspx?id=957 [Last accessed on 2006].  |
5. | Nano and the top 10 big cosmetic companies: L'Oreal, Procter and Gamble and Henkel on the podium for patents. Available from: http://www.nanocolors.wordpress.com/2009/10/29/nano-the-top-10-big-cosmetics-companies-L'Oreal-Procter-Gamble-and-Henkel [Last cited on 2009].  |
6. | Pierfrancesco M. Use and potential of nanotechnology in cosmetic dermatology. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2010;3:5-13.  |
7. | SCCP (Safety Committee on Consumer Products), Opinion on Safety of Nanomaterials in Cosmetic Products. Available from: http://www.ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_sccp/docs/sccp_o_123.pdf [Last accessed on 2007].  |
8. | Jain S, Sapee R, Jain NK. Proultraflexible lipid vesicles for effective transdermal delivery of norgesterol. USA: Proceedings of 25 th conference of C.R.S.; 1998. p. 32-5.  |
9. | Cevc G. Transfersomes, liposomes and other lipid suspensions on the skin: Permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration, and transdermal drug delivery. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 1996;13:257-388.  [PUBMED] |
10. | Thong HY, Zhai H, Maibach HI. Percutaneous penetration enhancers: An overview. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2007;20:272-82.  [PUBMED] |
11. | Uchegbua IF, Vyas SP. Non-ionic surfactant based vesicles (niosomes) in drug delivery. Int J Pharm 1998;172:33-70.  |
12. | Balakrishnan P, Shanmugam S, Lee WS, Lee WM. Formulation and in vitro assessment of minoxidil niosomes for enhanced skin delivery. Int J Pharm 2009;377:1-8.  |
13. | Touitou E, Dayan N, Bergelson L, Godin B, Eliaz M. Ethosomes-novel vesicular carriers for enhanced delivery: Characterization and skin penetration properties. J Control Release 2000;65:403-18.  [PUBMED] |
14. | Nanoemulsion based on phosphoric acid fatty acid esters and its uses in the cosmetics, dermatological, pharmaceutical, and/or ophthalmological fields. L'Oréal, US Patent 6274150.  |
15. | Fred Z, Esther B, Daniel S, Christina L, Franz S. Preparation and Properties of Coenzyme Q10 Nanoemulsions, Cosmetic Science Technology. Available from: http://www.mibellebiochemistry.com/pdfs/Preparation_and_Properties_of_Coenzyme_Q10_Nanemulsions_Cosm_Sci_Technol_2006.pdf. [Last accessed on 2006].  |
16. | Sonneville-Aubrun O, Simonnet JT, L'Alloret F. Nanoemulsions: A new vehicle for skincare products. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2004;108-109:145-9.  [PUBMED] |
17. | Hwang SL, Kim JC. In vivo hair growth promotion effects of cosmetic preparations containing hinokitiol-loaded poly(epsilon-caprolacton) nanocapsules. J Microencapsul 2008;25:351-6.  [PUBMED] |
18. | Müller RH, Radtke M, Wissing SA. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) in cosmetic and dermatological preparations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2002;54 Suppl 1:S131-55.  |
19. | Wissing SA, Müller RH. Cosmetic applications for solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN). Int J Pharm 2003;254:65-8.  |
20. | Song C, Liu S. A new healthy sunscreen system for human: Solid lipid nanoparticles as carrier for 3,4,5- trimethoxybenzoylchitin and the improvement by adding vitamin E. Int J Biol Macromol 2005;36:116-9.  |
21. | Petersen R. Nanocrystals for use in topical cosmetic formulations and method of production thereof. Abbott GmbH and Co., US Patent 60/866233, 2008.  |
22. | Nanotechnology in cosmetics analysed. Available from: http://www.personalcaremagazine.com/Story.aspx?Story=7419 [Last accessed on 2010].  |
23. | Cosmetic or dermatological topical compositions comprising dendritic polyesters, L'Oréal, US Patent 6287552. 2001.  |
24. | Michael F. Cosmetic Compositions For Hair Treatment Containing Dendrimers Or Dendrimer Conjugates - Patent 6068835, 2010.  |
25. | Spicer PT, Lynch ML, Visscher M, Hoath S. Bicontinuous Cubic Liquid Crystalline Phase and Cubosome Personal Care Delivery Systems. Rosen M, editor. Personal Care Delivery Systems and Formulations. Noyes Publishing, Berkshire, UK. 2003.  |
26. | Kesselman E, Efrat R, Garti N, Danino D. Formation of cubosomes as vehicles of biologically active substances. Available from: http://www.materials.technion.ac.il/ism/Docs/2007/Life-Abstracts/Poster/E_Kesselman.pdf [Last accessed on 2007].  |
27. | Morales ME, Gallardo V, Clarés B, García MB, Ruiz MA. Study and description of hydrogels and organogels as vehicles for cosmetic active ingredients. J Cosmet Sci 2009;60:627-36.  |
28. | Rania B, Rainer MV, Muhammad N, Matthias R, Zoltan S, Christian WH, et al. Medicinal applications of fullerenes. Int J Nanomedicine 2007;2:639-49.  |
29. | PEN Consumer Products Inventory. Available from: http://www.nanotechprojects.org/consumer [Last accessed on 2008].  |
30. | Oberdörster G, Oberdörster E, Oberdörster J. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles. Environ Health Perspect 2005;113:823-39.  |
31. | Royal Society. ''Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: Opportunities and uncertainties'', Royal Society London. Available from: http://www.nanotec.org.uk/finalReport.htm [Last accessed on 2004].  |
32. | Magrez A, Kasas S, Salicio V, Pasquier N, Seo JW, Celio M, et al. Cellular toxicity of carbon-based nanomaterials. Nano Lett 2006;6:1121-5.  |
33. | Donalson K, Beswick P, Gilmour P. Free radical activity associated with the surface of particles: A unifying factor in determining biological activity? Toxicol Lett 1996;88:293-8.  |
34. | Grassian VH, O'Shaughnessy PT, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Pettibone JM, Thorne PS. Inhalation Exposure study of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with a primary particle size of 2 to 5 nm. Environ Health Perspect 2007;115:397-402.  |
35. | Poland CA, Duffin R, Kinloch I. Carbon nanotubes introduced into the abdominal cavity of mice show asbestos-like pathogenicity in a pilot study. Nat Nanotechnol 2008;3:423-8.  |
36. | Pritchard DK. Health and safety laboratory, literature review - explosion hazards associated with nanopowders. Available from http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/hsl_pdf/2004/hsl04-12.pdf [Last accessed on 2004].  |
37. | Ryman-Rasmussen J, Riviere J, Monteiro-Riviere N. Penetration of intact skin by quantum dots with diverse physicochemical properties. Toxicol Sci 2006;9:159-65.  |
38. | Tarl WP, Jeffrey EG, Lynlee LL, Rokhaya F, Margaret B. Nanoparticles and microparticles for skin drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011;63:470-91.  |
39. | Rouse J, Yang J, Ryman-Rasmussen J, Barron A, Monteiro-Riviere N. Effects of mechanical flexion on the penetration of fullerene amino acid derivatized peptide nanoparticles through skin. Nano Lett 2007;7:155-60.  |
40. | Minghong W. Toxicity of nanoparticles: Zinc oxide on the brain, NPG Asia Materials. Available from: http://www.natureasia.com/asia-materials/highlight.php?id=438 [Last accessed on 2009].  |
41. | Wu W, Samet JM, Peden DB, Bromberg PA. Phosphorylation of p65 Is required for zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced interleukin 8 expression in human bronchial epithelial cells. Environ Health Perspect 2010;118:982-7.  |
42. | Tran C, Donaldson K, Stones V, Fernandez T, Ford A, Christofi N, et al. A scoping study to identify hazard data needs for addressing the risks presented by nanoparticles and nanotubes. Research Report. Institute of Occupational Medicine; 2005.  |
43. | Kaewamatawong T, Kawamura N, Okajima M, Sawada M, Morita T, Shimada A. Acute pulmonary toxicity caused by exposure to colloidal silica: Particle size dependent pathological changes in mice. Toxicol Pathol 2005;33:743-9.  |
44. | Schulte P, Geraci C, Zumwalde R, Hoover M, Kuempel E. Occupational risk management of engineered nanoparticles. J Occup Environ Hyg 2008;5:239-49.  |
45. | Institute of Occupational Medicine for the Health and Safety. Available from: http://www.hse.gov.uk [Last accessed on 2004 ].  |
46. | Claude O, Brigitte R. Engineered nanoparticles current knowledge about OHS risks and prevention measures, chemical substances and biological agents, Studies and Research Projects, REPORT R-656, Available from: http://www.irsst.qc.ca/media/documents/PubIRSST/R-656.pdf [Last accessed on 2010.  |
47. | Chen J, Dong X, Zhao J, Tang G. In vivo acute toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to mice after intraperitioneal injection. J Appl Toxicol 2009;29:330-7.  |
48. | Matthew C. Environmental health news, Nanoparticles from sunscreens damage microbes, scientific american. Available from: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=nanoparticles-in-sunscreen&page=2 [Last accessed on 2009].  |
49. | Ernie H. Fullerenes and fish brains: Nanomaterials cause oxidative Stress. Environ Health Perspect 2004;112:A568-9.  |
50. | L'enabrunet, Delinay L, Ernestm H, Pedroj JA, Markr W. Comparative photoactivity and antibacterial properties of C60 fullerenes and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Environ Sci Technol 2009;43:4355- 60.  |
51. | Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology (CBEN), Rice University, 'Nanorust' cleans arsenic from drinking water. Available from: http://www.rice.edu/media/nanorust_arsenic.html [Last accessed on 2006].  |
52. | Michael SW, Pedro JA, Yu-lun F, Nurg A, Michael ON, Jeffrey TM, et al. Cleaner water using bimetallic nanoparticle catalysts. J Chem Technol Biotechnol . www.interscience.com, Available from: http://www.pure-t.net/tce_paper.pdf [Last accessed on 2008].  |
53. | Jonathan DJ, Jason M.U, Paul MB. Evidence for biomagnification of gold nanoparticles within a terrestrial food chain. Environ Sci Technol 2011;45:776-81.  |
54. | UCSB, UCSB scientists demonstrate biomagnifications of nanomaterials in simple food chain, nanotechnology today. Available from: http://www.nanotechnologytoday.blogspot.com/2011/01/ucsb-scientists-demonstrate.html. [Last accessed on 2011].  |
55. | Usenko CY, Harper SL, Tanguay RL. In vivo evaluation of carbon fullerene toxicity using embryonic zebrafish. Carbon 2007;45:1891-8.  |
56. | Oberdorster E. "Toxicity of nC60 fullerenes to two aquatic species: Daphnia and largemouth bass" [Abstract]. In: 227 th American Chemical Society National Meeting, Anaheim, CA. Washington DC: American Chemical Society IandEC 21;. Available from: http://www.oasys2.confex.com/acs/227nm/techprogram/P719002.HTM [Last accessed on 2004].  |
57. | Dhawan A, Taurozzi JS, Pandey AK, Shan W, Miller SM, Hashsham SA, et al. Stable colloidal dispersions of C60 fulleres in water: Evidence for genotoxicity. Environ Sci Technol 2006;40:7394-401.  |
58. | Hideyuki Y, Naoharu I. Cytotoxicity of water-soluble fullerene in vascular endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2006;290:C1495- 502.  |
59. | SCENIHR, Risk Assessment of Products of Nanotechnologies. Available from: http://www.ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_scenihr/docs/scenihr_o_023.pdf [Last accessed on 2009].  |
60. | SCENIHR, Opinion on The Appropriateness of The Risk Assessment Methodology in Accordance with The Technical Guidance Documents for New and Existing Substances for Assessing The Risks Of Nanomaterials. Available from: http://www.ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_scenihr/docs/scenihr_o_004c.pdf [Last accessed on 2007].  |
61. | SCCP (Scientific Committee on Consumer Products), Preliminary Opinion On Safety of nanomaterials in cosmetic products. Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_sccp/docs/sccp_o_099.pdf [Last accessed on 2007].  |
62. | Report of the ICCR Joint Ad Hoc Working Group on Nanotechnology in Cosmetic Products: Criteria and Methods of Detection, ICCR-4. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/InternationalPrograms/HarmonizationInitiatives/UCM235485.pdf [Last accessed on 2010].  |
63. | The Royal Society, Industry should disclose nano safety testing methods. Available from: http://www.royalsociety.org/News.aspx?id=1369 [Last accessed on 2006].  |
64. | SCCP, The SCCP's Notes of Guidance for The Testing of Cosmetic Ingredients and Their Safety Evaluation, 6 th Revision. Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_sccp/docs/sccp_o_03j.pdf [Last accessed on 2006].  |
65. | European Parliament Press Release - MEPs approve new rules on safer cosmetics. . Available from: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/066-52333-082-03-13-911-20090323IPR52331-23-03-2009-2009-true/default_en.htm. [Last accessed on 2009].  |
66. | NIA (Nanotechnology Industries Association), European Parliament approves labelling and notification of nanomaterials in cosmetics. Available from: http://www.nanotechia.org/news/global/european-parliament-approves-labelling-and-notific [Last accessed on 2009].  |
67. | Anna G, Lefteris C. Nanotechnology in the EU Cosmetics Regulation, Nanotechnology, Household and Personal Care today. Available from: http://www.steptoe.com/assets/attachments/3915.pdf [Last accessed on 2009].  |
[Figure 1], [Figure 2]
[Table 1], [Table 2]
This article has been cited by | 1 |
Nanomicrobiology: Emerging Trends in Microbial Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Their Applications |
|
| Atirah Tauseef, Fatima Hisam, Touseef Hussain, Aurore Caruso, Kashif Hussain, Amélie Châtel, Benoît Chénais | | Journal of Cluster Science. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 2 |
Evaluating nanobiomaterial-induced DNA strand breaks using the alkaline comet assay |
|
| Melissa Anne Tutty, Gabrielle Vella, Antje Vennemann, Martin Wiemann, Adriele Prina-Mello | | Drug Delivery and Translational Research. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 3 |
Nanomaterials in hair care and treatment |
|
| Miguel Pereira-Silva, Ana Margarida Martins, Inês Sousa-Oliveira, Helena Margarida Ribeiro, Francisco Veiga, Joana Marto, Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos | | Acta Biomaterialia. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 4 |
En route towards a comprehensive dimensionless representation of precipitation processes |
|
| Tobias Schikarski, Marc Avila, Wolfgang Peukert | | Chemical Engineering Journal. 2022; 428: 131984 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 5 |
An overview on atmospheric carbonaceous particulate matter into carbon nanomaterials: A new approach for air pollution mitigation |
|
| Nazrul Islam, Binoy K. Saikia | | Chemosphere. 2022; 303: 135027 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 6 |
Emerging Trends of Nanotechnology In Advanced Cosmetics |
|
| Sunil Kumar Dubey, Anuradha Dey, Gautam Singhvi, Murali Manohar Pandey, Vanshikha Singh, Prashant Kesharwani | | Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 2022; : 112440 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 7 |
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles from red and green parts of the pistachio hulls and their various in-vitro biological activities |
|
| Serpil Gonca, Sadin Özidemir, Zelal Isik, Islem M'barek, Feroz Shaik, Nadir Dizge, Deepanraj Balakrishnan | | Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2022; 165: 113170 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 8 |
Evaluation of silver nanoparticles in cosmeceutical and potential biosafety complications |
|
| Wei Ting Jess Ong, Kar Lin Nyam | | Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 9 |
A patent review of polyphenol nano-formulations and their commercialization |
|
| Theresa F. Rambaran | | Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 10 |
Targeted Chemotherapy Based on Amplifying the Reactive Oxygen Species of Doxorubicin-Loaded Polyaspartamide-Encapsulated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles |
|
| Minh Phuong Nguyen, Yuna Kim, Dongryeol Ryu, Dukjoon Kim | | ACS Applied Nano Materials. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 11 |
Three Millennia of Nanocrystals |
|
| Federico Montanarella, Maksym V. Kovalenko | | ACS Nano. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 12 |
Effect of serum protein on cell internalization of silica nanoparticles |
|
| Jae Won Choi, In Young Kim, Minjeong Kwak, Jaeseok Kim, Sohee Yoon, Hyun Jun Jang, Tae Geol Lee, Min Beom Heo | | Micro & Nano Letters. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 13 |
Nano-technological aspects of zinc oxide and silver in cosmetics |
|
| S. Shamaila, Ayesha Jalil, Muhammad Ishfaq, R. Sharif | | Journal of Applied Physics. 2022; 131(16): 164306 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 14 |
Current State-of-the-Art and New Trends in Self-Assembled Nanocarriers as Drug Delivery Systems |
|
| Himanshu Paliwal, Akshay Parihar, Bhupendra G. Prajapati | | Frontiers in Nanotechnology. 2022; 4 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 15 |
Nanotechnology in Cosmetics and Cosmeceuticals—A Review of Latest Advancements |
|
| Vaibhav Gupta, Sradhanjali Mohapatra, Harshita Mishra, Uzma Farooq, Keshav Kumar, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Mohammed F. Aldawsari, Ahmed S. Alalaiwe, Mohd Aamir Mirza, Zeenat Iqbal | | Gels. 2022; 8(3): 173 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 16 |
Nanocarriers as Active Ingredients Enhancers in the Cosmetic Industry—The European and North America Regulation Challenges |
|
| Cristiana Oliveira, Cristina Coelho, José A. Teixeira, Pedro Ferreira-Santos, Claudia M. Botelho | | Molecules. 2022; 27(5): 1669 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 17 |
Comparative Study on Nanotoxicity in Human Primary and Cancer Cells |
|
| In Young Kim, Minjeong Kwak, Jaeseok Kim, Tae Geol Lee, Min Beom Heo | | Nanomaterials. 2022; 12(6): 993 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 18 |
Nanosystems in Cosmetic Products: A Brief Overview of Functional, Market, Regulatory and Safety Concerns |
|
| Chiara Ferraris, Clara Rimicci, Sara Garelli, Elena Ugazio, Luigi Battaglia | | Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13(9): 1408 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 19 |
Promising Strategies of Colloidal Drug Delivery-Based Approaches in Psoriasis Management |
|
| Sukhbir Singh, Neelam Sharma, Tapan Behl, Bidhan Chandra Sarkar, Hasi Rani Saha, Kanika Garg, Supriya Kamari Singh, Sandeep Arora, Md. Shah Amran, Ahmed A. H. Abdellatif, Anwar L. Bilgrami, Ghulam Md Ashraf, Md. Sohanur Rahman | | Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13(11): 1978 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 20 |
Silver Nanoparticles as Potential Antiviral Agents |
|
| Zubair Ahmed Ratan, Fazla Rabbi Mashrur, Anisha Parsub Chhoan, Sadi Md. Shahriar, Mohammad Faisal Haidere, Nusrat Jahan Runa, Sunggyu Kim, Dae-Hyuk Kweon, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Jae Youl Cho | | Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13(12): 2034 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 21 |
Review on Electrospun Nanofiber-Applied Products |
|
| Fatirah Fadil, Nor Dalila Nor Affandi, Mohd Iqbal Misnon, Noor Najmi Bonnia, Ahmad Mukifza Harun, Mohammad Khursheed Alam | | Polymers. 2021; 13(13): 2087 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 22 |
Nanoparticles from the Cosmetics and Medical Industries in Legal and Environmental Aspects |
|
| Renata Wlodarczyk, Anna Kwarciak-Kozlowska | | Sustainability. 2021; 13(11): 5805 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 23 |
NANOMATERIALS IN COSMETIC PREPARATIONS |
|
| Bandaru Hemanth Kumar, Shaik Farooq Ahmed, Prasanthi D | | INDIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH. 2021; : 48 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 24 |
Comparison Study of Cytotoxicity of Bare and Functionalized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles |
|
| Anna Król-Górniak, Katarzyna Rafinska, Fernanda Monedeiro, Pawel Pomastowski, Boguslaw Buszewski | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(17): 9529 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 25 |
Human Epidermal Zinc Concentrations after Topical Application of ZnO Nanoparticles in Sunscreens |
|
| Zahra Khabir, Amy M. Holmes, Yi-Jen Lai, Liuen Liang, Anand Deva, Michael A. Polikarpov, Michael S. Roberts, Andrei V. Zvyagin | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(22): 12372 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 26 |
A Review of the EU’s Regulatory Framework for the Production of Nano-Enhanced Cosmetics |
|
| Theodora Karamanidou, Vasileios Bourganis, Glykeria Gatzogianni, Alexander Tsouknidas | | Metals. 2021; 11(3): 455 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 27 |
Date Fruit and Seed in Nutricosmetics |
|
| Khlood Lafi Alharbi, Jegadeesh Raman, Hyun-Jae Shin | | Cosmetics. 2021; 8(3): 59 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 28 |
Natural Antioxidants from Plant Extracts in Skincare Cosmetics: Recent Applications, Challenges and Perspectives |
|
| Hien Thi Hoang, Ju-Young Moon, Young-Chul Lee | | Cosmetics. 2021; 8(4): 106 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 29 |
Nanotechnology Based Cosmeceuticals |
|
| Ranajit Nath, Rajarshi Chakraborty, Ratna Roy, Debleena Mukherjee, Srijita Nag, Anirusha Bhattacharya | | International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology. 2021; : 94 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 30 |
Genotoxic Potential of Nanoparticles: Structural and Functional Modifications in DNA |
|
| Ritesh K Shukla, Ashish Badiye, Kamayani Vajpayee, Neeti Kapoor | | Frontiers in Genetics. 2021; 12 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 31 |
The Emerging Trend of Bio-Engineering Approaches for Microbial Nanomaterial Synthesis and Its Applications |
|
| Raunak Dhanker, Touseef Hussain, Priyanka Tyagi, Kawal Jeet Singh, Shashank S. Kamble | | Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021; 12 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 32 |
Nanoparticles in caries prevention: A review |
|
| Bollina Tejaswi, Vidya Gopal Sree, Elangovan Sivapriya, Durvasulu Archana, Angambakkam Rajasekaran PradeepKumar | | Journal of Global Oral Health. 2021; 4: 56 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 33 |
Influence of oil types on the formation and stability of nano-emulsions by D phase emulsification |
|
| Wanping Zhang, Yubo Qin, Shaonian Chang, Haiyang Zhu, Qianjie Zhang | | Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology. 2021; 42(8): 1225 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 34 |
Microbial cell factories a new dimension in bio-nanotechnology: exploring the robustness of nature |
|
| Komal Agrawal, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Pradeep Verma | | Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 2021; : 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 35 |
Nanotechnology in cosmetics pros and cons |
|
| Rachana Yadwade, Saee Gharpure, Balaprasad Ankamwar | | Nano Express. 2021; 2(2): 022003 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 36 |
Sustainable use of biowaste for synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its incorporation into gelatin-based nanocomposite films for antimicrobial food packaging applications |
|
| Elumalai Kowsalya, Kithiyon MosaChristas, Pannerselvam Balashanmugam, Veerasamy Manivasagan, Thiyagarajan Devasena, Chinna Rani Inbaraj Jaquline | | Journal of Food Process Engineering. 2021; 44(3) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 37 |
A systematic literature review on the current detection tools for authentication analysis of cosmetic ingredients |
|
| Atiqah Ab Aziz, Fatin Nur Majdina Nordin, Zalina Zakaria, Nor Kartini Abu Bakar | | Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 38 |
Experimental and Computational Analysis of Mixing Inside Droplets for Microfluidic Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticles |
|
| Brahim Benyahia, Monalie V. Bandulasena, H. C. Hemaka Bandulasena, Goran T. Vladisavljevic | | Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2021; 60(38): 13967 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 39 |
Worldwide actions against plastic pollution from microbeads and microplastics in cosmetics focusing on European policies. Has the issue been handled effectively? |
|
| Lamprini Anagnosti, Athanasia Varvaresou, Panagoula Pavlou, Evangelia Protopapa, Vilelmine Carayanni | | Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2021; 162: 111883 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 40 |
Nanomedicine: Photo-activated nanostructured titanium dioxide, as a promising anticancer agent |
|
| Nefeli Lagopati, Konstantinos Evangelou, Polycarpos Falaras, Effie-Photini C. Tsilibary, Panagiotis V.S. Vasileiou, Sofia Havaki, Andriani Angelopoulou, Evangelia A. Pavlatou, Vassilis G. Gorgoulis | | Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 2021; 222: 107795 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 41 |
Ovarian toxicity of nanoparticles |
|
| Ramsés Santacruz-Márquez, Marijose González-De los Santos, Isabel Hernández-Ochoa | | Reproductive Toxicology. 2021; 103: 79 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 42 |
Nanocosmeceuticals for the management of ageing: Rigors and Vigors |
|
| N. Alsabeelah, M. Faiz Arshad, Sana Hashmi, Riyaz Ahmed Khan, Shamshir Khan | | Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. 2021; 63: 102448 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 43 |
Role of nanotechnology in the world of cosmetology: A review |
|
| Manikanika, J. Kumar, S. Jaswal | | Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; 45: 3302 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 44 |
Emerging trends of nanotechnology in beauty solutions: A review |
|
| Anchal Chauhan, Chetan Chauhan | | Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 45 |
A novel approach for 3D morphological characterization of silica nanoparticle population through HAADF-STEM |
|
| Loïc Crouzier, Frédéric Pailloux, Alexandra Delvallée, Laurent Devoille, Nicolas Feltin, Christophe Tromas | | Measurement. 2021; 180: 109521 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 46 |
Probing TGF-ß1-induced cytoskeletal rearrangement by fluorescent-labeled silica nanoparticle uptake assay |
|
| HyeRim Shin, Jun-Hyuk Choi, Ji Youn Lee | | Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports. 2021; 28: 101137 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 47 |
A kinetics study on surfactin production from Bacillus subtilis MTCC 2415 for application in green cosmetics |
|
| Neela Gayathri Ganesan, Vivek Rangarajan | | Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2021; 33: 102001 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 48 |
The influence of fucoidan on stability, adsorption and electrokinetic properties of ZnO and TiO2 suspensions |
|
| Jakub Matusiak, Elzbieta Grzadka, Anna Bastrzyk, Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska | | Applied Nanoscience. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 49 |
A decade of nanotechnology research in Nigeria (2010–2020): a scientometric analysis |
|
| A. Lateef, M. A. Azeez, O. B. Suaibu, G. O. Adigun | | Journal of Nanoparticle Research. 2021; 23(9) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 50 |
Dietary supplementation with curcumin nanomicelles, curcumin, and turmeric affects growth performance and silver nanoparticle toxicity in Cyprinus carpio |
|
| Fereshteh Pirani, Shadieh Moradi, Samyar Ashouri, Seyed Ali Johari, Edris Ghaderi, Hoi Pin Kim, Il Je Yu | | Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28(45): 64706 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 51 |
Biocosmetics: technological advances and future outlook |
|
| Nishu Goyal, Frankline Jerold | | Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 52 |
Determination of silver nanoparticles in cosmetics using single particle ICP-MS |
|
| Vera Kantorová, Martin Loula, Antonín Kana, Oto Mestek | | Chemical Papers. 2021; 75(11): 5895 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 53 |
Green Silver Nanoparticles: Recent Trends and Technological Developments |
|
| Preeti Rajoriya, Mayara C. S. Barcelos, Danielle C. M. Ferreira, Pragati Misra, Gustavo Molina, Franciele M. Pelissari, Pradeep K. Shukla, Pramod W. Ramteke | | Journal of Polymers and the Environment. 2021; 29(9): 2711 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 54 |
Silver nanoparticles as a potential treatment against
SARS-CoV
-2: A review
|
|
| Fernanda Pilaquinga, Jeroni Morey, Marbel Torres, Rachid Seqqat, María de las Nieves Piña | | WIREs Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology. 2021; 13(5) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 55 |
Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured copper and lanthanum co-doped zirconia for voltammetric sensing of tumor biomarkers |
|
| Hussien A. Abbas, Abdel Latief A. Radwan, Elmorsy Khaled, Rabeay Y.A. Hassan | | Electrochemical Science Advances. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 56 |
An Alternative Perspective towards Reducing the Risk of Engineered Nanomaterials to Human Health |
|
| Martin J. D. Clift, Gareth J. S. Jenkins, Shareen H. Doak | | Small. 2020; 16(36): 2002002 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 57 |
Assessment of strategies for the formation of stable suspensions of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in aqueous media suitable for the analysis of biological fluids |
|
| Samantha Salou, Ciprian-Mihai Cirtiu, Dominic Larivière, Normand Fleury | | Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 2020; 412(7): 1469 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 58 |
Synthesis, characterization and biocompatibility studies of carbon quantum dots from Phoenix dactylifera |
|
| Kanchanlata Tungare, Mustansir Bhori, Kavya Sri Racherla, Siddhi Sawant | | 3 Biotech. 2020; 10(12) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 59 |
Green synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaf extract and zinc nitrate hexahydrate salt |
|
| Azeez Abdullah Barzinjy, Himdad Hamad Azeez | | SN Applied Sciences. 2020; 2(5) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 60 |
Photocatalytic, antibacterial and anticancer activity of silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles |
|
| Rahini Rajendran, Arunkumar Mani | | Journal of Saudi Chemical Society. 2020; 24(12): 1010 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 61 |
Controlled drug delivery for alopecia: A review |
|
| Shefrin Salim, Kaladhar Kamalasanan | | Journal of Controlled Release. 2020; 325: 84 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 62 |
Effective association of ceramide-coassembled lipid nanovehicles with stratum corneum for improved skin barrier function and enhanced skin penetration |
|
| Jun Bae Lee, Minchul Sung, Minjoo Noh, Ji Eun Kim, Jihui Jang, Su Ji Kim, Jin Woong Kim | | International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2020; 579: 119162 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 63 |
Micro/nanocellulose from waste Pili (Canarium ovatum) pulp as a potential anti-ageing ingredient for cosmetic formulations |
|
| Harveen C. Bongao, Ryan Russel A. Gabatino, Christlyn Faith H. Arias, Eduardo R. Magdaluyo | | Materials Today: Proceedings. 2020; 22: 275 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 64 |
In-vitro toxicity of molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles on human keratinocytes |
|
| Ksenija Božinovic, Davor Nestic, Urška Gradišar Centa, Andreja Ambriovic-Ristov, Ana Dekanic, Lenn de Bisschop, Maja Remškar, Dragomira Majhen | | Toxicology. 2020; 444: 152564 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 65 |
International landscape of limits and recommendations for occupational exposure to engineered nanomaterials |
|
| Carolina Rodríguez-Ibarra, Alejandro Déciga-Alcaraz, Octavio Ispanixtlahuatl-Meráz, Estefany I. Medina-Reyes, Norma L. Delgado-Buenrostro, Yolanda I. Chirino | | Toxicology Letters. 2020; 322: 111 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 66 |
Elemental Characterization of Al Nanoparticles Buried under a Cu Thin Film: TOF-SIMS vs STEM/EDX |
|
| Agnieszka Priebe, Jean-Paul Barnes, Thomas Edward James Edwards, Emese Huszár, Laszlo Pethö, Johann Michler | | Analytical Chemistry. 2020; 92(18): 12518 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 67 |
Tuning of Particle Size in a Helical Coil Reactor |
|
| S. K. Pal, P. Dhasmana, K. D. P. Nigam, V. Singh | | Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2020; 59(9): 3962 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 68 |
Aptamer–Gold(III) Complex Nanoparticles: A New Way to Detect Cu, Zn SOD Glycoprotein |
|
| Rawdha Dekhili, Khaoula Cherni, Hui Liu, Xiaowu Li, Nadia Djaker, Jolanda Spadavecchia | | ACS Omega. 2020; 5(23): 13851 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 69 |
Optical Potential-Well Array for High-Selectivity, Massive Trapping and Sorting at Nanoscale |
|
| Yuzhi Shi, Haitao Zhao, Lip Ket Chin, Yi Zhang, Peng Huat Yap, Wee Ser, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Ai Qun Liu | | Nano Letters. 2020; 20(7): 5193 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 70 |
Survival Mechanisms and Xenobiotic Susceptibility of Keratinocytes Exposed to Metal-Derived Nanoparticles |
|
| Veronica Montesinos-Cruz, Jordan Rose, Aglaia Pappa, Mihalis I. Panayiotidis, Andrea De Vizcaya-Ruiz, Rodrigo Franco | | Chemical Research in Toxicology. 2020; 33(2): 536 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 71 |
Recent insights on indirect mechanisms in developmental toxicity of nanomaterials |
|
| Battuja Batbajar Dugershaw, Leonie Aengenheister, Signe Schmidt Kjølner Hansen, Karin Sørig Hougaard, Tina Buerki-Thurnherr | | Particle and Fibre Toxicology. 2020; 17(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 72 |
Induction of Oxidative DNA Damage and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transitions in Small Airway Epithelial Cells Exposed to Cosmetic Aerosols |
|
| Kaitlin M Pearce, Imoh Okon, Christa Watson-Wright | | Toxicological Sciences. 2020; 177(1): 248 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 73 |
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE AND CANDIDA ALBICANS |
|
| Titik Taufikurohmah, Tasha Anandya Tantyani | | International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH. 2020; 8(6): 179 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 74 |
Nanocosmeceuticals: facets and aspects |
|
| Vividha Dhapte-Pawar, Shivajirao Kadam, Shai Saptarsi, Prathmesh P Kenjale | | Future Science OA. 2020; 6(10): FSO613 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 75 |
The Current Understanding of Autophagy in Nanomaterial Toxicity and Its Implementation in Safety Assessment-Related Alternative Testing Strategies |
|
| Rong-Jane Chen, Yu-Ying Chen, Mei-Yi Liao, Yu-Hsuan Lee, Zi-Yu Chen, Shian-Jang Yan, Ya-Ling Yeh, Li-Xing Yang, Yen-Ling Lee, Yuan-Hua Wu, Ying-Jan Wang | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(7): 2387 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 76 |
Nanostructured Organic/Hybrid Materials and Components in Miniaturized Optical and Chemical Sensors |
|
| Mario Prosa, Margherita Bolognesi, Lucia Fornasari, Gerardo Grasso, Laura Lopez-Sanchez, Franco Marabelli, Stefano Toffanin | | Nanomaterials. 2020; 10(3): 480 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 77 |
Nanomaterials in Cosmetics: Recent Updates |
|
| Georgios Fytianos, Abbas Rahdar, George Z. Kyzas | | Nanomaterials. 2020; 10(5): 979 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 78 |
Evaluation of magnetic susceptibility artefact induced by personal care product with gold nanoparticles on brain magnetic resonance (MRI) images |
|
| N S Zaini, Z Mohd, M K A Karim | | Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019; 1248(1): 012011 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 79 |
Life Cycle Impact of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Synthesis through Physical, Chemical, and Biological Routes |
|
| Fan Wu, Zheng Zhou, Andrea L. Hicks | | Environmental Science & Technology. 2019; 53(8): 4078 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 80 |
Separation of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles by Micellar Enhanced Electrospun Fiber Based Ultrathin Layer Chromatography |
|
| Yanhui Wang, Susan V. Olesik | | Analytical Chemistry. 2018; 90(4): 2662 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 81 |
Cobalt toxicity in humans—A review of the potential sources and systemic health effects |
|
| Laura Leyssens,Bart Vinck,Catherine Van Der Straeten,Floris Wuyts,Leen Maes | | Toxicology. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 82 |
Characterization and carboplatin loaded chitosan nanoparticles for the chemotherapy against breast cancer in vitro studies |
|
| Md. Asad Khan,Md. Zafaryab,Syed Hassan Mehdi,Javed Quadri,M. Moshahid A. Rizvi | | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2017; 97: 115 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 83 |
Towards quality assessed characterization of nanomaterial: Transfer of validated protocols for size measurement by dynamic light scattering and evaluation of zeta potential by electrophoretic light scattering |
|
| F. Varenne,E. Rustique,J. Botton,J.-B. Coty,G. Lanusse,M. Ait Lahcen,L. Rio,C. Zandanel,C. Lemarchand,M. Germain,L. Negri,A.-C. Couffin,G. Barratt,C. Vauthier | | International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2017; 528(1-2): 299 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 84 |
Nanostructure lipid carriers: A modish contrivance to overcome the ultraviolet effects |
|
| Priyanka Jain,Prerna Rahi,Vikas Pandey,Saket Asati,Vandana Soni | | Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 85 |
The Effect of Different Types of Nanoparticles on FUS and TDP-43 Solubility and Subcellular Localization |
|
| Jasna Lojk,Sonja Prpar Mihevc,Vladimir Boštjan Bregar,Mojca Pavlin,Boris Rogelj | | Neurotoxicity Research. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 86 |
Antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of biosynthesized colloidal zinc oxide nanoparticles for a fortified cold cream formulation: A potent nanocosmeceutical application |
|
| Sonia S.,Linda Jeeva Kumari H.,Ruckmani K.,Sivakumar M. | | Materials Science and Engineering: C. 2017; 79: 581 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 87 |
Liposomal Encapsulation Masks Genotoxicity of a Chemotherapeutic Agent in Regulatory Toxicology Assessments |
|
| Jenolyn F. Alexander,David Aguirre-Villarreal,Biana Godin | | Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 88 |
Safety issues associated with the use of nanoparticles in human body |
|
| Mian Muhammad Sufian,Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak,Shahzad Yousaf,Muhammad Suleman Rana | | Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2017; 19: 67 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 89 |
Metal nanoparticles in dermatology and cosmetology: Interactions with human skin cells |
|
| Karolina Niska,Ewelina Zielinska,Marek Witold Radomski,Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak | | Chemico-Biological Interactions. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 90 |
Quantitative analysis of curcumin-loaded alginate nanocarriers in hydrogels using Raman and attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy |
|
| Lynda Miloudi,Franck Bonnier,Dominique Bertrand,Hugh J. Byrne,Xavier Perse,Igor Chourpa,Emilie Munnier | | Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 91 |
Nanoparticle Probes for Quantifying Supramolecular Determinants of Biosurface Affinity |
|
| N. D. B. Le,S. Hou,G. Y. Tonga,H. A. Jerri,S. G. Elci,T. Mizuhara,V. Normand,D. Benczédi,R. W. Vachet,V. M. Rotello | | Particle & Particle Systems Characterization. 2017; : 1700100 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 92 |
Advancements in microfluidics for nanoparticle separation |
|
| Thoriq Salafi,Kerwin Kwek Zeming,Yong Zhang | | Lab Chip. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 93 |
Multistage extraction platform for highly efficient and fully continuous purification of nanoparticles |
|
| Yi Shen,Nopphon Weeranoppanant,Lisi Xie,Yue Chen,Marcella R. Lusardi,Joseph Imbrogno,Moungi G. Bawendi,Klavs F. Jensen | | Nanoscale. 2017; 9(23): 7703 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 94 |
Jaqpot Quattro: A novel computational web platform for modelling and analysis in nanoinformatics |
|
| Charalampos Chomenidis,Georgios Drakakis,Georgia Tsiliki,Evangelia Anagnostopoulou,Angelos Valsamis,Philip Doganis,Pantelis Sopasakis,Haralambos Sarimveis | | Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 95 |
Lipid-based submicron capsules as a strategy to include high concentrations of a hydrophobic lightening agent in a hydrogel |
|
| H. T. P. Nguyen,M. Soucé,X. Perse,F. Vial,T. Perrier,F. Yvergnaux,I. Chourpa,E. Munnier | | International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 96 |
Toxicology of metals and metalloids: Promising issues for future studies in environmental health and toxicology |
|
| Fernando Barbosa | | Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 2017; : 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 97 |
Comparative analysis and the coverage intervals of hair rare metal content in two Russian industrial centres |
|
| Anatoly V Skalny,Margarita G Skalnaya,Andrei R Grabeklis,Elena S Berezkina,Eugeny P Serebryansky,Vasily A Demidov,Yulia N Lobanova,Irina V Gryazeva,Andrey A Skalny,Oxana A Skalnaya,Alexey A Tinkov | | International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2017; 97(6): 520 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 98 |
Fabrication routes for one-dimensional nanostructures via block copolymers |
|
| Maithri Tharmavaram,Deepak Rawtani,Gaurav Pandey | | Nano Convergence. 2017; 4(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 99 |
The New Sunscreens among Formulation Strategy, Stability Issues, Changing Norms, Safety and Efficacy Evaluations |
|
| Nicola Lionetti,Luigi Rigano | | Cosmetics. 2017; 4(2): 15 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 100 |
Nanopartículas lipídicas a base de propóleos como transportadores de activos de interés cosmético: Desarrollo, caracterización y evaluación de seguridad |
|
| Yuly X. Correa González,Daniela Paillié Jiménez,Alba L. Valenzuela Correa,Maritza A. Rojas Cardozo,Claudia E. Mora Huertas | | Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico-Farmacéuticas. 2016; 45(1): 147 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 101 |
Silver Nanoparticles in Cosmetics |
|
| Swati Gajbhiye,Satish Sakharwade | | Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications. 2016; 06(01): 48 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 102 |
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Silver Nanoparticles: Biogenic Synthesis Utilizing Apple Extract |
|
| Upendra Nagaich,Neha Gulati,Swati Chauhan | | Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2016; 2016: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 103 |
Genotoxic and oxidative stress potential of nanosized and bulk zinc oxide particles in Drosophila melanogaster |
|
| Erico R Carmona,Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau,Laura Rubio,Ricard Marcos | | Toxicology and Industrial Health. 2016; 32(12): 1987 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 104 |
Measuring the Hydrodynamic Size of Nanoparticles Using Fluctuation Correlation Spectroscopy |
|
| Sergio Dominguez-Medina,Sishan Chen,Jan Blankenburg,Pattanawit Swanglap,Christy F. Landes,Stephan Link | | Annual Review of Physical Chemistry. 2016; 67(1): 489 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 105 |
From the Cover: Comparative Numerical Modeling of Inhaled Nanoparticle Deposition in Human and Rat Nasal Cavities |
|
| Jingliang Dong,Yidan Shang,Kiao Inthavong,Jiyuan Tu,Rui Chen,Ru Bai,Dongliang Wang,Chunying Chen | | Toxicological Sciences. 2016; 152(2): 284 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 106 |
Specific and reversible DNA-directed self-assembly of modular vesicle-droplet hybrid materials |
|
| Maik Hadorn,Eva Boenzli,Martin Hanczyc | | Langmuir. 2016; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 107 |
An emulsion of pigmented nanoceria as a medicinal cosmetic |
|
| I. Selestin Raja,N. Duraipandi,Manikantan Syamala Kiran,Nishter Nishad Fathima | | RSC Adv.. 2016; 6(103): 100916 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 108 |
Gold Nanomaterials in Consumer Cosmetics Nanoproducts: Analyses, Characterization, and Dermal Safety Assessment |
|
| Mingjing Cao,Jiayang Li,Jinglong Tang,Chunying Chen,Yuliang Zhao | | Small. 2016; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 109 |
Revisiting the technologies of the old: a case study of cognitive work analysis and nanomaterials |
|
| Vivek Kant | | Cognition, Technology & Work. 2016; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 110 |
Nanomaterial regulatory policy for human health and environment |
|
| Hyung-Geun Park,Min-Kyeong Yeo | | Molecular & Cellular Toxicology. 2016; 12(3): 223 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 111 |
Oxidative stress in rat brain but not in liver following oral administration of a low dose of nanoparticulate silver |
|
| Joanna Skalska,Beata Dabrowska-Bouta,Lidia Struzynska | | Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2016; 97: 307 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 112 |
Carboplatin loaded Surface modified PLGA nanoparticles: Optimization, characterization, and in vivo brain targeting studies |
|
| S. Jose,B.C. Juna,T.A. Cinu,H. Jyoti,N.A. Aleykutty | | Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 2016; 142: 307 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 113 |
Hydrophobicity of biofilm coatings influences the transport dynamics of polystyrene nanoparticles in biofilm-coated sand |
|
| Michael R. Mitzel,Stefanie Sand,Joann K. Whalen,Nathalie Tufenkji | | Water Research. 2016; 92: 113 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 114 |
Short-term changes in intracellular ROS localisation after the silver nanoparticles exposure depending on particle size |
|
| Akira Onodera,Fumiko Nishiumi,Kisa Kakiguchi,Atsushi Tanaka,Nami Tanabe,Aki Honma,Katsutoshi Yayama,Yasuo Yoshioka,Kumiko Nakahira,Shigenobu Yonemura,Itaru Yanagihara,Yasuo Tsutsumi,Yuichi Kawai | | Toxicology Reports. 2015; 2: 574 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 115 |
Characterisation and cytotoxic screening of metal oxide nanoparticles putative of interest to oral healthcare formulations in non-keratinised human oral mucosa cells in vitro |
|
| M. Best,G. Phillips,C. Fowler,J. Rowland,J. Elsom | | Toxicology in Vitro. 2015; 30(1): 402 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 116 |
Impact of surface coating and food-mimicking media on nanosilver-protein interaction |
|
| Anna Burcza,Volker Gräf,Elke Walz,Ralf Greiner | | Journal of Nanoparticle Research. 2015; 17(11) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 117 |
Metals in cosmetics: implications for human health |
|
| Sylwia Borowska,Malgorzata M. Brzóska | | Journal of Applied Toxicology. 2015; 35(6): 551 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 118 |
Protein corona changes mediated by surface modification of amorphous silica nanoparticles suppress acute toxicity and activation of intrinsic coagulation cascade in mice |
|
| Tokuyuki Yoshida,Yasuo Yoshioka,Yuki Morishita,Michihiko Aoyama,Saeko Tochigi,Toshiro Hirai,Kota Tanaka,Kazuya Nagano,Haruhiko Kamada,Shin-ichi Tsunoda,Hiromi Nabeshi,Tomoaki Yoshikawa,Kazuma Higashisaka,Yasuo Tsutsumi | | Nanotechnology. 2015; 26(24): 245101 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 119 |
Neural Cell Chip Based Electrochemical Detection of Nanotoxicity |
|
| Md. Kafi,Hyeon-Yeol Cho,Jeong Choi | | Nanomaterials. 2015; 5(3): 1181 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 120 |
Pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of lipid-based nanocarriers |
|
| Claudia Carbone,Antonio Leonardi,Sarha Cupri,Giovanni Puglisi,Rosario Pignatello | | Pharmaceutical Patent Analyst. 2014; 3(2): 199 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 121 |
Nanotechnology-Based Cosmeceuticals |
|
| Alka Lohani,Anurag Verma,Himanshi Joshi,Niti Yadav,Neha Karki | | ISRN Dermatology. 2014; 2014: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 122 |
Evaluation of silica nanoparticle binding to major human blood proteins |
|
| Katsutomo Hata, Kazuma Higashisaka, Kazuya Nagano, Yohei Mukai, Haruhiko Kamada, Shin-ichi Tsunoda, Yasuo Yoshioka, Yasuo Tsutsumi | | Nanoscale Research Letters. 2014; 9(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 123 |
Quantitative assessment of inhalation exposure and deposited dose of aerosol from nanotechnology-based consumer sprays |
|
| Yevgen Nazarenko,Paul J. Lioy,Gediminas Mainelis | | Environmental Science: Nano. 2014; 1(2): 161 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 124 |
Liposomes: Versatile and biocompatible nanovesicles for efficient biomolecules delivery |
|
| Mallick, S., Choi, J.S. | | Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 2014; 14(1): 755-765 | | [Pubmed] | | 125 |
Understanding engineered nanomaterial skin interactions and the modulatory effects of ultraviolet radiation skin exposure |
|
| Samreen Jatana,Lisa A. DeLouise | | Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology. 2014; 6(1): 61-79 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 126 |
Uptake and Metabolism of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Brain Cells |
|
| Charlotte Petters,Ellen Irrsack,Michael Koch,Ralf Dringen | | Neurochemical Research. 2014; 39(9): 1648 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 127 |
Barriers to advancing nanotechnology to better improve and translate nanomedicines |
|
| Yuwei Wang,David W. Grainger | | Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering. 2014; 8(3): 265 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 128 |
Consumer attitudes towards nanotechnologies applied to food production |
|
| L.J. Frewer,N. Gupta,S. George,A.R.H. Fischer,E.L. Giles,D. Coles | | Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2014; 40(2): 211 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 129 |
Cavitation Technology – A Greener Processing Technique for the Generation of Pharmaceutical Nanoemulsions |
|
| Sivakumar Manickam,Tang Siah Ying,Tan Khang Wei | | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 2014; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 130 |
Issues and concerns in nanotech product development and its commercialization |
|
| Indu Pal Kaur,Vandita Kakkar,Parneet Kaur Deol,Monika Yadav,Mandeep Singh,Ikksheta Sharma | | Journal of Controlled Release. 2014; 193: 51 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 131 |
Nanotechnology in cosmetics |
|
| Rigano, L. | | Journal of Applied Cosmetology. 2013; 31(3): 111-118 | | [Pubmed] | | 132 |
Global life cycle releases of engineered nanomaterials |
|
| Arturo A. Keller,Suzanne McFerran,Anastasiya Lazareva,Sangwon Suh | | Journal of Nanoparticle Research. 2013; 15(6) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 133 |
Nanodermatology: New horizon |
|
| Ali, R., Hussain, I. | | Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists. 2013; 23(2): 117-119 | | [Pubmed] | | 134 |
Bioreduction of chloroaurate ions using fruit extract Punica granatum (Pomegranate) for synthighly stable gold nanoparticles and assessment of its antibacterial activity hesis of |
|
| Basavegowda, N., Sobczak-Kupiec, A., Fenn, R.I., Dinakar, S. | | Micro and Nano Letters. 2013; 8(8): 400-404 | | [Pubmed] | | 135 |
Preparation, characterization, and moisturizing effect of liposomes containing glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine |
|
| Malaekeh-Nikouei, B. and Golmohammadzadeh, S. and Salmani-Chamanabad, S. and Mosallaei, N. and Jamialahmadi, K. | | Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. 2013; 12(2): 96-102 | | [Pubmed] | | 136 |
Bioreduction of chloroaurate ions using fruit extract Punica granatum (Pomegranate) for synthesis of highly stable gold nanoparticles and assessment of its antibacterial activity |
|
| Salman Dinakar,Rebecca Isacc Fenn,Agnieszka Sobczak-Kupiec,Nagaraj Basavegowda | | Micro & Nano Letters. 2013; 8(8): 400 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 137 |
Liposomal antibiotics for the treatment of infectious diseases |
|
| Moayad Alhariri,Ali Azghani,Abdelwahab Omri | | Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery. 2013; 10(11): 1515 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | 138 |
Preparation, characterization, and moisturizing effect of liposomes containing glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine |
|
| Bizhan Malaekeh-Nikouei,Shiva Golmohammadzadeh,Somaye Salmani-Chamanabad,Navid Mosallaei,Khadijeh Jamialahmadi | | Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. 2013; 12(2): 96 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
|
 |
 |
|