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Date seed extract-loaded oil-in-water nanoemulsion: Development, characterization, and antioxidant activity as a delivery model for rheumatoid arthritis
Abdul Qadir1, Mohd Aqil2, Usama Ahmad3, Nausheen Khan4, Musarrat H Warsi5, Juber Akhtar3, Muhammad Arif3, Abuzer Ali6, Satya P Singh3
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; †Present address: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
3 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
4 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
5 Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif-Al-Haweiah, Saudi Arabia
6 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif-Al-Haweiah, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Juber Akhtar
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Dasauli Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, Uttar Pradesh
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_268_20
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Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disorder, affecting around 1% of the world population. Antioxidant activity plays important role to overcome the inflammation associated with arthritis. Phoenix dactylifera (date) seeds, generally considered as a waste product or utilized as food for domestic farm animals, have been used as a source of antioxidants at different disease conditions. The aim of the present study was to enhance the release of date seed extract in order to achieve high antioxidant activity. Nanoemulsion of methanolic extract of date seed was prepared by aqueous titration method. The selected formulations were exposed to thermodynamic stability and dispersibility tests. The optimized nanoemulsions were evaluated on the basis of droplet size (23.14 ± 0.055nm), polydispersity index (0.166 ± 0.124), percent transmittance (99.12 ± 0.0163), refractive index (1.36 ± 0.046), viscosity (cP) (12.30 ± 0.75), conductivity (µS/cm) (347.46 ± 1.10), and drug content (%) (99.67 ± 0.11). The in vitro release studies revealed that final optimized formulation has cumulative release of drug (57.51% ± 2.65%), which was more significantly greater as compared to drug suspension (26.44% ± 1.15%). Further in vitro antioxidant activity studies revealed that the developed methanolic extract of date seed-loaded nanoemulsion has more antioxidant potential when compared with methanolic extract. |
